The Adil Shahis of Bijapur and the Telugu country (1489–1686)

Unified Andhra Pradesh (pre-2014)
Present-day state borders, for orientation
Approximate extent

The western edge of the Telugu country under the sultans of Bijapur: the Raichur doab between the Krishna and the Tungabhadra, fought over with Vijayanagara from 1493 to 1565; Talikota, where the allied sultans camped before the battle of 1565; Adoni, taken in 1568 and held by Bijapur governors until 1688; Penukonda, besieged in the 1570s and taken in 1652; Kurnool, taken early in the seventeenth century, with its dependent country as far as Nandyal; and Gandikota and Chandragiri, taken by Golconda in the race for the Karnatak. The shaded areas are rough sketches: the frontier after 1565 follows a map printed in 1866.

Historical boundaries are approximate. Base map: Natural Earth (opens in a new tab) (public domain). Redrawn from: Map of the Kingdom of Beejapoor, shewing its probable boundary before and after the Battle of Talikota, A.D. 1565 (opens in a new tab), Philip Meadows Taylor and James Fergusson, Architecture at Beejapoor (John Murray), 1866 (Public domain). Attributions

Sources

Philip Meadows Taylor and James Fergusson, Architecture at Beejapoor, an Ancient Mahometan Capital in the Bombay Presidency (opens in a new tab), John Murray, London (for the Committee of Architectural Antiquities of Western India), 1866, map facing p. 1. [Public domain]
Muhammad Qasim Ferishta (tr. John Briggs), History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India till the Year A.D. 1612, Vol. III (opens in a new tab), Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, London, 1829, pp. 12–14, 104–105, 126, 134–135. [Public domain]
Narahari Gopalakristnamah Chetty, A Manual of the Kurnool District in the Presidency of Madras (opens in a new tab), Government Press, Madras, 1886, pp. 28–29. [Public domain]
W. Francis, Madras District Gazetteers: Anantapur (opens in a new tab), Government of Madras (Addison & Co.), 1905, pp. 21–22, 192. [Public domain]
W. Francis, Madras District Gazetteers: Bellary (opens in a new tab), Government Press, Madras, 1904, pp. 196. [Public domain]
Jadunath Sarkar, History of Aurangzib, Vols. I and II (opens in a new tab), M. C. Sarkar and Sons, Calcutta, 1912, pp. 119–120, 123, 138. [Public domain]
Jadunath Sarkar, Shivaji and his Times (2nd ed., revised and enlarged) (opens in a new tab), Longmans, Green and Co., London, 1920, pp. 337. [Public domain]